Mathematical Modelling of Qualitative System Development

Many scientific fields need to know how human systems develop. From an economic point of view, the main factors system output change are changes in quantity inputs (extensive factors) and efficiency (input quality productivity, intensive factors). The growth accounting (GA) method is used for calculation impact both on GDP change. However, its interpretation sometimes difficult, GA does not cover all possible situations (country economy) development. This article uses mathematical tools derive new indicators (dynamic intensity indicator dynamic extensity indicator) that clearly count express or extensive contribute any system. come from complex development typology analyzed text. covers relationships among inputs, their efficiency, output. shows use these macroeconomics when examining World’s major economies during period 1961–2021 microeconomics while investigating Apple 1999–2021. We further discuss reduce managerial risk uncertainty pros cons.